1 Gerrit Rietveld, Schröder House, 1924 The Schroeder House in Utrecht was built in 1924 by the Dutch architect and designer Gerrit Rietveld. A three-dimensional embodiment of the ideas of neoplasticism, a manifesto house, experimental housing, with a completely new sense of space. Elegant and regular, this beautiful house is considered to be one of the most important buildings of the 20th century.
2 Eileen Gray, Villa E-1027, 1926-1929 Villa E-1027, designed by Eileen Gray on the French Riviera, was a personal, groundbreaking statement, the first architectural work of a furniture designer and a holiday home for two: Eileen and her architect friend Jean Badovici.
3 House-workshop of Konstantin Melnikov, 1927-1929 The monument of architecture of the Soviet avant-garde house -workshop of Konstantin Melnikov in Moscow, in Krivoarbatsky lane, was built at the architect’s own expense. The building has a figure-eight or “infinity” shape in plan and cannot be attributed to any of the known styles.
4 Ludwig Mies van der Rohe, Villa Tugendhat, 1928-1930 The villa in the Czech city of Brno was built for Fritz Tugendhat and his wife. Ludwig Mies van der Rohe created a unique structure with an iron frame, which allowed the installation of a large number of windows – thus creating a feeling of air and volume inside, and the whole space is flooded with light.
5 Le Corbusier, Villa Savoy, 1929-1930 The Villa Savoye in Poissy is one of Le Corbusier’s favorite projects, he called it a “little miracle”. In 1928, Madame Savoie sent Le Corbusier the task of designing a country residence. Le Corbusier proposed a summer house that would “stand like an object on the grass without disturbing anything.
6 Robert Mallet-Stevens, Villa Cavrois, 1929-1932 Villa Cavrois is located in the north-east of France, in the vicinity of the town of Roubaix. In the year the villa was completed, its author, French architect Robert Mallet-Stevens, formulated the essence of modern luxury: “it is life in a well-heated, well-ventilated, cheerful, light-filled home, requiring a minimum of unnecessary gestures and a minimum number of servants.”
7 Frank Lloyd Wright, Waterfall House, 1936-1939 Frank Lloyd Wright is one of the greatest architects of the 20th century, the founder of “organic architecture” and the principle of free planning. The quintessence of “organic architecture” and the culmination of Wright’s work is the house in Beer Run, Pennsylvania, built for entrepreneur Edgar Kaufmann.
8 Arne Korsmo, Stenersen Villa, 1937 Villa Stenersen was designed by Arne Korsmo for financier and collector Rolf E. Stenersen. The house is considered one of the foremost examples of Norwegian functionalism and is listed as a cultural heritage of the country. Korsmo designed not just a single-family house, but a home for an extensive art collection.
9 House of Walter Gropius, 1937-1938 Walter Gropius built a house for himself and his family in Lincoln, Massachusetts, USA at the same time as he began his teaching career at Harvard University. The house absorbed the features of New England architecture and the principles of the modernist teachings of the Bauhaus.
10 Alvar Aalto, Villa Mairea, 1939 It is estimated that during his career Alvar Aalto built about 75 private houses, but the most important private house in the history of architecture was the Villa Mairea in the west of the country, in Normarkku. Many architectural historians consider it the most comfortable private house in the history of the twentieth century.
11 Ludwig Mies van der Rohe, Farnsworth House, 1945-1951 The legendary Villa Farnsworth by architect Ludwig Mies van der Rohe is considered a key example of the International style. The house in Plano, Illinois was commissioned by Edith Farnsworth, a Chicago doctor who loved to play the cello . The villa consists of two planes – the roof and the floor, supported by eight H-shaped columns.
12 Richard Neutra, Kaufmann’s house in the desert, 1946-1947 The Kaufman House in Palm Springs is one of Richard Neutra ‘s most famous projects , one of the most beautiful houses in the world and an iconic example of the International Style in 20th-century North American private architecture.
13 Philip Johnson, The Glass House, 1949 The Glass House, located near New Canaan, Connecticut, is inspired by Mies van der Rohe’s masterpiece Farnsworth House. Architect Philip Johnson built this house for himself. Ideal proportions, simplicity, open layout allow the building to completely dissolve and connect with the surrounding nature.
14 Oscar Niemeyer, house in Canoa, 1953 A beautiful house in the suburbs of Rio de Janeiro, Canoa Oscar Niemeyer built for himself and his family. Inspired by the surrounding Brazilian nature and the curves of the female body, the architect created a poetic, sensual building, proving that concrete can be a plastic material.
15 Eero Saarinen, Miller’s Residence, 1953 Eero Saarinen designed a house in Columbus, Indiana for architect and entrepreneur Irwin Miller and his wife. The architecture of the house continues the tradition of modernism, laid down by Mies van der Rohe – open floor plan, glass walls, flat roof. The garden around Daniel Keely’s house is one of the rarest surviving examples of mid-20th century American landscape design.